# Basics of Linux ### Introduction

# Linux can mean...
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- Kernel
                        - Operating system
                        - Distribution

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                            <img src="/img/sld-linux-1-introduction-01-06.svg" alt="All components of Linux">
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                        # Kernel
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- First Linux Kernel in 1991
                        - Linus Torvalds

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                            <img src="/img/sld-linux-1-introduction-02.svg" alt="Kernel.">
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                        # Operating system
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- GNU project in 1983 (1984)  
                        - Richard Stallman

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                            <img src="/img/sld-linux-1-introduction-03.svg" alt="Kernel and GNU.">
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                        # Distribution
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- Debian  
                        - Red Hat  
                        - Slackware

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                            <img src="/img/sld-linux-1-introduction-04.svg" alt="Kernel, GNU and customisations.">
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                        # Commercial distribution
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- Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)
                        - SUSE Linux Enterprise
                        - Ubuntu Pro

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                            <img src="/img/sld-linux-1-introduction-05.svg" alt="Kernel, GNU, customisations and commerciality.">
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                        # Community
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                            <img src="/img/web-page-community-screenshot.png" alt="Web browser with lwn.net page open.">
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                            <img src="/img/sld-linux-1-introduction-01-06.svg" alt="All Linux components again.">
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                        # Evolution of Linux
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                            <img src="/img/sld-linux-1-introduction-07.svg" alt="Linux evolution timeline.">
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                        # What Linux is not?
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- A single operating system
                          - Distributions<sup>5</sup>
                        - A UNIX
                          - Mostly POSIX<sup>6</sup> compliant in practice
                        - Difficult to use
                          - Many distributions are very user-friendly

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                            <img src="/img/sld-linux-1-introduction-08.svg" alt="Questionmark in Linux Tux.">
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                        # References
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1. [Unix Timeline](https://wiki.tuhs.org/doku.php?id=events:timeline) - Unix Heritage Wiki  
                        2. [Overview of the GNU System](https://www.gnu.org/gnu/gnu-history.en.html) - GNU Project Homepage  
                        3. [Linux - a free unix-386 kernel](https://github.com/oldlinux-web/oldlinux-files/blob/master/Linux-0.01/docs/Linux.pdf) - github.com/oldlinux-web
                        4. [Usage share of operating systems](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usage_share_of_operating_systems#Market_share_by_category) - wikipedia.org
                        5. [Linux distribution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_distribution) - wikipedia.org
                        6. [POSIX](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POSIX) - wikipedia.org

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Thank you

Joona Tolonen

servicedesk@csc.fi